• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    SUMMARY The present invention relates to a concrete mold (100) for forming a single-wall or gel-like device, comprising a first wall-forming device (10) of an insulating material and a second rock-forming device (20), which are designed to be arranged in parallel so that a gap (x) is formed between them for filling liquid concrete. A plurality of forming rods (30) are provided for connecting the first and second wall forming devices (10,20). The first rock forming device (10) comprises a number of building or cellular plastic blocks (11), and the second wall forming device (20) comprises a number of forming discs (21). Each forming bracket (30) is provided with a first end with a support member (40) designed for connection to the first wall forming device (20), and in its second end provided with a forming device (50) for soldering at the second wall forming device during temporary mounting. and retaining, said second rock forming device (20) during the concrete casting, and releasing / curing after casting to allow the rock forming device (20) to be cast, forming
    公开号:SE1350956A1
    申请号:SE1350956
    申请日:2013-08-15
    公开日:2015-02-16
    发明作者:David Salekärr
    申请人:Incoform Ab；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The present invention relates to a concrete mold for forming a wall or the like according to the preamble of claim 1. The invention also relates to a method for presenting a rock wall or a similar technical field. a wall or the like according to the preamble of claim 15. The invention also relates to a stand which can be used in a method as above, but also separately to other or similar contexts.
    PRIOR ART Houses with a solid frame, for example of concrete, brick or brackets, are known to have many good properties such as that the houses show good fire resistance, for example even with wooden houses, they are long and are not so maintenance-intensive. Other advantageous properties of houses built with a solid frame are that they provide a good indoor climate with good temperature variations throughout the day and have good properties when it comes to withstanding moisture and mold.
    The most common methods currently used to achieve a solid frame consist of masonry (slatted clinker blocks, bricks, aerated concrete blocks, etc.) or to assemble prefabricated wall elements.
    An advantage of building a house on site, as well as using prefabricated elements, is that it is easier to make special adaptations that depend on the special object, 2 places for erecting the object, and so on. and that one avoids the joints which Or inevitable between prefabricated wall elements. A disadvantage, however, is that it requires a high degree of craftsmanship.
    An advantage of using prefabricated elements is that it is very quick, often in just a few days, to get a sealed house in which it becomes possible to work with installations and surface layers in protection against winds and wind.
    As an alternative to masonry and prefabricated concrete houses, concrete can be cast on site. Concrete is a very malleable and flexible material, and when building a house, it is in principle the mold that becomes critical in terms of the construction project's flexibility and freedom of choice. Today, however, it is very unusual to cast something else on the base plate, and possibly cold-rolled walls in place. The reason for this is that molds and molding work are very expensive and especially in small projects, these costs often amount to more than 50% of the total cost of the frame. The alternatives available are traditional lOsvirkesform and ready-made, e.g. rented, large forms such as lDokaTM, Pen.
    Traditional loose timber form requires a high price per square meter. For large form, the price per square meter is lower, especially for large construction projects where the same form of construction can be reused many times, but large form is awkward and difficult to assemble; The most convenient mounting method Or often with the use of a construction crane. Another disadvantage is that after casting the first insulation must be fitted with some form of system.
    Another alternative is to use insulated concrete blocks, so-called Insulated Concrete Forms, ICF. Such mold blocks are stacked into a wall and filled with concrete. When the concrete has solidified 3, the cellular plastic-forming form remains as insulation of the wall. This enables the rapid construction of concrete walls at a relatively low cost. However, a disadvantage has been found to be that, since the concrete is insulated on both sides, this is climatically disadvantageous in terms of the indoor climate, and the advantages obtained by building houses with a solid frame are partly not stated. Another disadvantage is that such a cradle, either on the inside or outside, is ready to be provided with a surface layer. Cellulose on the inside of a frame can also carry an increased risk of fire.
    Thus, all building systems now have disadvantages.
    SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a concrete form as initially indicated by which one or more of the above problems can be remedied.
    It is a particular object of the invention to provide a concrete form which enables the construction of a wall or the like in a simple and inexpensive manner. It is also a means to specify a concrete form which makes it possible to quickly build a wall or the like. It is a special object of the invention to make it possible to build cradles or a house or the like with a particularly good indoor climate. It is also an object to provide a concrete form through which a wall can be obtained which is moisture-proof, mold-proof, energy-efficient and flexible construction. A further special goal is to specify a form by which it will be possible to build a cradle or a house or any other building in a safe way, without risks to construction workers and without requiring heavy lifting. Another object of the invention is to provide a concrete form by which it is possible to build a cradle, or a house, which is not maintenance-requiring and which has a long service life. It is a special goal to specify a form through which it is extremely easy to handle installation of electricity, pipes, ventilation etc.
    Therefore, a concrete form is provided with the initially indicated pitches which have the pitches specified in the pitched part of claim 1.
    Advantageous embodiments are indicated by the pitches specified in the subclaims.
    It is also an object of the invention to provide a method by which one or more of the above-mentioned objectives can be achieved.
    Therefore, there is provided a method as initially indicated which exhibits the pitches set forth in the pitcher portion of claim 15. Advantageous embodiments are indicated by 20 corresponding subclaims.
    It is also an object of the invention to provide a stable to be used in connection with the construction of a cradle according to the above or in connection with the above-mentioned procedure, or in some other context relevant to the construction or construction industry, which is simple and easy to handle. under building / construction, which is easy to assemble, store, store and transport. A special goal is to specify a stable that facilitates the construction of a straight cradle.
    Therefore, a stable with the pitches specified in claim 26 is provided. Advantageous embodiments are stated in the claims referring to claim 26.
    BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The invention will be described in the following in a non-limiting manner, with reference to the accompanying figures, in which: Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a concrete mold with first and second wall-forming elements connected to mold struts, Fig. 2 shows a wall consisting of of a concrete mold according to an embodiment of the invention, Fig. 3 shows an embodiment of a mold bar with welding device for connecting first and other wall-forming devices, Fig. 4A shows a simplified alternative embodiment of a mold bar, Fig. 4B shows another alternative embodiment of a Fig. 4C again shows another alternative embodiment of a mold rod, Fig. 5A shows an example of a mold on a mold rod according to the invention, Fig. 5B shows an alternative embodiment of a mold on a mold rod according to the invention, Fig. 6A shows an example of a first rock-forming element with a gap for receiving a mold tag provided with a fixed element, Fi Fig. 6B shows an alternative embodiment of arranging a fastening element arranged on a mold bar in a first rock-forming element, Fig. 7A shows examples of a construction comprising a cradle and a floor formed of concrete molds with reinforcement according to an embodiment of the invention, Fig. 7B shows an example of a construction with reinforcement and pipes and equipment for electrical, pipe and ventilation installation for casting in the construction according to the invention, Fig. 8A shows an example of an embodiment of a first rock forming element according to the invention, Fig. 8B shows a second alternative embodiment of a first rock forming element according to the invention, Fig. 8C shows a third alternative embodiment of a first rock forming element according to the invention, Fig. 8D shows a fourth alternative embodiment of a first rock forming element according to the invention, Fig. 8E shows a fifth alternative embodiment of a first rock forming element according to the invention, Fig. 9A shows a first example of a horn device according to the invention, Fig. 9B shows an alternative embodiment of a horn device, Fig. 9C shows the horn device in Fig. 9B with mounted tie rods, Fig. 10 shows an alternative example of a position according to the invention in an elevated position, Fig. 11 shows schematically a part of the scaffold in Fig. 10 to illustrate how it can be folded, and Fig. 12 shows the use of a scaffold according to Fig. 10 in the construction of a wall according to the invention.
    DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Fig. 1 shows a concrete mold 100 according to the invention which comprises a first wall forming device 10 which consists of a foam block 11 which is spontaneously hinged, with grooves 13 and springs 12, to give a good stability to several foam blocks. placed on top of each other to form a vdgg. In other embodiments, not shown, the foam blocks ddrutOver, or alternatively, can be tongue-in-groove horizontally in order to increase the stability in the horizontal direction. However, according to other embodiments of the invention, the foam blocks do not need to be tongue-in-cheek, or they may be shaped or tongue-in-cheek in other ways, examples of which will be given below.
    The concrete mold also comprises a second wall forming device 20 which consists of a mold board 21, for example consisting of a plywood board, or a sandwich-shaped product, such as the known product Sonoboard, or any other type of material which is light, rigid and durable.
    In addition, the forming rod 30 comprises, in a first outer end, provided with a guide element 40 and in a second opposite end provided with a support device 50. The function of the forming rods 30 is to connect the first wall forming device 10 and the second wall forming device 20 to each other, preferably so so that they are arranged parallel to, and at a certain distance from, each other, so that a space x is formed. However, it should be clear that, depending on the desired shape of the wall or the like to be cast, the distance may also be desired to be tapered in the horizontal or vertical direction or to assume any other desired shape.
    The mold struts 30, one or more per foam block 11, in the example shown four, one of which is not mounted the foam block 11, are shown in Fig. 1. In the example shown, the foam block 11 is provided with prepared slots designed to receive the feed elements 40 in the spring boundary. . For mounting, the guide members 40 are inserted into the prepared slots in the foam block 11 so that the respective tie rods 30 will extend substantially perpendicular to one vertical plane of expansion of the first wall device. Thereafter, a number of molded plastic blocks 11 can be stacked on top of each other, as illustrated in Fig. 2.
    The mold plate 21 is preferably on its one outer edge, right at the top, provided with grooves or recesses 22 intended to receive the mold rod 30. The outer ends of the mold rods are placed in the grooves 22 during assembly, especially in such a way that a support element 51 included in the welding device 50 is located. On the side of the mold plate 21 facing the foam blocks 11 and 9, a retaining element 52 and welding element 53 on the other side of the mold plate, so that the mold plate 21 is read therebetween. The recesses 22 may have a size corresponding to the size (eg diameter) of the tie rod stay rod 31, which normally presupposes that the welding device must be removed before the forming plate; alternatively, the recesses can be larger so that the mold plate can be torn before the welding devices are removed and braces are cut if necessary.
    It is preferred that the wall be reinforced by bringing the other wall forming device 20 into place, i.e. after the support elements 30 (the mold struts) have been arranged in the foam block 11. For reinforcement, any recesses for windows and doors (not shown) are usually mounted. Any electrical equipment, cables, etc. as well as rEir, and ventilation equipment, which must be embedded in the wall, are simply installed after the wall has been reinforced.
    The mold plate 21 is arranged at a desired distance from the foam block 11 with the mold rod 30 through the welding device 50, where the mold plate is 1 between the first holding element 51 and the second holding element 52 by means of welding element 53, and concrete is poured into the formed space between them.
    Fig. 2 shows a number of stacked foam blocks 11 forming a first wall forming device 10 and a number of mold sheets 21 arranged to form another wall forming device 20, which are connected by the mold struts 30. In an advantageous embodiment, foam blocks and / or mold sheets are mounted and last with the mold struts and the formlAsen pd so that boarded joints between foam blocks and / or boarded joints between molded sheets arranged in one and the same plane in a row and / or a column are offset in relation to joints between foam blocks and molded sheets in an adjacent row or column of stability shield.
    Fig. 2 shows the concrete form, but not reinforcement etc., before casting, whereby concrete is kept in the space between the first and second wall-forming devices 10,20. When the concrete has solidified, the loading device 50 is removed by simply removing the welding element 53. Then the second holding element 52 is removed and the mold discs 21 are torn. This provides a wall with a solid frame insulated through the foam blocks 11 and which has an inner side which only needs to be provided with the desired surface layer, e.g. putty and paint or wallpaper.
    As discussed above, Advantageous reinforcement may be made and relevant conduit installations for electricity, pipes, ventilation may be laid after the reinforcement but before the second wall forming device 20 is placed and temporarily dried at the forming rods 30 by means of the lead devices 50.
    In particular, an advantageous position according to the invention can be used in casting, which will be discussed with reference to Figs. 10-12 below. Of course, the invention is not limited to the use of this position, but casting can of course be done in any way that is raised and with any suitable conventional position.
    When the concrete is rocky, the icing device 50 can be removed, iced up, which will be discussed further below. The mold disc 21 or the mold discs can then be easily torn.
    The invention provides a concrete form which forms a wall or floor or other similar structure, which is moisture-proof, fire-resistant, resistant to mold attack, energy efficient, 11 and which is also very flexible. It is also easy to handle and minimizes the number of heavy lifts. as the weight of these, and more generally the amount of lift.
    In certain embodiments, the concrete mold according to the invention may comprise a first rock forming device and two other rock forming devices arranged on opposite sides of the first rock forming device so that a sandwich rock can be cast. DO, therefore, the tie rods via the respective fastening elements are fixed in the first rock forming device and directed in the opposite hill. In this way, after casting, a construction is obtained consisting of insulating blocks (cellular plastic blocks) surrounded by concrete on two sides.
    An example of a part of a cradle and a floor with reinforcement, but before casting is shown schematically in Fig. 7A, and in Fig. 7B the corresponding but schematic also shown with electrical, ventilation and water ducts.
    The mold struts 30 can be designed in many different ways. Fig. 3 schematically shows a forming rod 30 according to the embodiment of Fig. 1 comprising a forming rod 31 with a fastening element 40 arranged in a first spirit which consists of a square plate arranged at right angles to the longitudinal extension of the rod rod 31, which consists of a stitch or similar. In the example shown, the fastening element 40 has a square shape, but it can of course have another shape as long as it extends at least vertically in a direction which is to be water downwards (for a cradle, for example according to Fig. 2) relative to the stay stitch 31. The fastening element or fixed plate The oven can have a varying thickness, for example be thinner, have a continuously decreasing thickness in the vertical direction downwards, possibly the top upwards, in order to facilitate insertion into the first rock forming device 10. The insertion can take place in different ways, for example the fastening element can be inserted from above in solid foam or in prepared receiving spaces 12 foam blocks, or between foam blocks, which will be discussed further below with reference to Figs. 6A, 6B.
    In the opposite end of the tie rod 31 of the forming rod 30, a welding device 50 is arranged between the inner and outer (first and second) retaining elements 51, 52, a forming plate 21 is temporarily arranged in the desired length and is read by means of welding elements 53 which can be easily unloaded so that the welding device 50 and the mold plate 21 can easily be removed after casting, once the concrete has solidified. The latch is pressed so that it essentially acts as a wedge, and an end knob arranged on the tie rod 31 is passed through a hall of adapted size for passage, and the latch device is passed down through a groove with a width such that the end knob cannot pass, but only the tie rod fits and can be moved down into the spar. A mold plate not shown in this Fig. Will then be wedged between the cone 56 and the locking device / end knob. Welding devices are further discussed with reference to Figs. 5A, 5B.
    Figures 4A-4C show different examples of tie rods where the tie rods are differently designed in that either the tie rod itself, the first plate and / or the welding device are designed in different ways. It should be clear that in these figures a simplified welding device is shown; the embodiments may include the type of hoist being lifted. In the examples shown, it comprises a unscrewable welding element which simultaneously forms second holding elements and a first holding element which is either fixedly arranged on the tie rod or which can be arranged at a clearable distance on the rod by means of a stampable welding mechanism e.g. thread and nuts and washers.
    The base plate 40A in Fig. 4A is, like the base plate 40 in Fig. 1, essentially a square plate, but whose thickness upwards and downwards in the vertical direction tapers so that the base plate 40 can be 13 times more easily insertable into a foam block, especially when inserted into solid foam. this is advantageous. In an exemplary embodiment not shown, the thickness decreases continuously in the vertical direction. Then, however, the narrowest part must always be inserted first. Many variants for facilitating insertion, for example in a foam block, are possible, as well as for contributing to good retention, which is an advantage in view of the fact that reinforcement and wiring are carried out with inserted formwork struts.
    Fig. 4B shows a liner 40B consisting of a plate one side of which is toothed, or likewise has a zig-zag sample for facilitating insertion into a foam block; in particular am it to be introduced into solid material.
    Fig. 4C shows a fastening element 40C which is separate from the rod 31C of the forming rod 30C, and which can thus be fastened directly in foam blocks by insertion into a gap therefor or directly in solid material but which has a hollow 41C intended to receive a hook 32C on the rod. 31C. The tail 41C is formed in a planar portion of the fastener which is intended to be arranged parallel to an upper surface of the foam block, and which is provided with, respectively, two cam-like elements 44C which form an angle of substantially 900 ° with the planar portion 42C (extending in the same plane, or a plane parallel to the tie rod 31C). The flat part may also be provided with a second flat part 43C on the side which is turned away from the side where the tie rod is to be arranged and which forms an angle of 900 with the first flat part 42C. However, this is not necessary. Instead of two substantially parallel cam elements, it can be only one or more. If there are several, these can be continued as in Fig. 4C, in order to increase the stability of the retaining shape in, for example, a foam block so that the feed element is even more securely held in place. 14 In general, for all types of fastening elements, it applies that they can be fixedly connected to the rod part of the forming rod (tie rod), or detachable therefrom. In particular, they can be formed in one piece therewith, which, however, does not apply to embodiments as in Fig. 4C where it is precisely sought that they should be removable; however, of course a plate as in Fig. 4C can of course also be fixedly connected to a forming rod. Instead of the stay rod being provided with a hook and the fastening element with a slippery surface, the plate can of course be provided with a hook and the stay post with a slider or the like.
    In addition, of course, other equivalent mechanisms can be used which allow simple and things assembly with a fastening element in place in, for example, a foam block. Cam elements can of course be designed in other ways or be connected to, or in one piece with, a tie rod as in Figs. 4A, 4B.
    Fig. 5A shows a welding device 50B arranged on a forming rod 30 comprising a rod rod 311. The tie rod 311 is not equipped with a duck knob. The welding device 50B, also called formlas, may for example be of the known type GekuTm or of a similar type.
    It comprises a wedge-shaped or chamfered welding element 53B where the wedge or the like is designed to be able to be pressed down into a receiving opening formed between a holding element 54B arranged on a plate element 52B and this plate element 52B.
    The plate element 52B consists of a plate with a central hall intended to receive the rod part (stay rod) 311 of the forming rod, and the holder part 54B consists of a bent plate welded to the plate 52B likewise with a hall for passage of the stay rod. The wedge-shaped welding element 54B can be slid down and lased the tie rod between the wedge and a side in the formed space.
    With a light blow up on the narrow lower part of the wedge, this can be easily sold out, so that the load and mold plate can be easily removed after completed casting.
    The part of the mold stay that protrudes from the mold can be tilted a little, and knocked off, and then broken at the level of the inside of the cone which enters the welding device, e.g. 50A, which is on the tie rod; the cone can be pulled out and the cone-shaped hall that is formed can be filled again, which is advantageous e.g. in that no bushings are formed, e.g. for praise.
    Fig. 5B shows an alternative welding device 50 which substantially corresponds to the welding device shown in Fig. 3. The welding device comprises a one-piece pressed plate 52 which is provided with a groove for the strut rod 31 which comprises a larger hole in one end of the strut, and a narrower part which, at the insertion strut rod, prevents an end knob 53 arranged on the strut rod 31 from Pass. The duck knob is welded to one end of the tie rod. According to an alternative, the duck knob 53 can be unscrewed so that the load slips, the rod can be moved open and the duck knob can be led out through the tail so that the load can be released and the mold plate removed.
    The mold set can also preferably be wedge-shaped and with a slight stroke up on the narrow lower part this can easily be knocked out due to the wedge shape and since there is a distance of for example 1.5-2 cm between the duck bud and the mold plate, so that loosens and the laset and the mold plate can easily be removed after completed casting.
    This formula is of a type similar to the known formula set type KFTM. 16 Many other variants of ph formlds can also be used, e.g. Temposhalerm.
    Fig. 6A shows an example ph a first rock forming device comprising a spontaneous foam block 11 with spring 12 and groove 13 and which is provided with a recess 14 intended to receive a fastening element 40 ph a forming rod 30. Fixed plates ph forming rods can be designed in different ways , or used in various ways, either may be introduced into prepared openings intended for this purpose; there are in principle no requirements ph that the fastening element needs to be designed ph something specifically set father to be able to be inserted in addition to it being adapted to the opening, or fit into this and hldllas ph place, ie. without gaps being formed, especially being shaped. The fastening element may consist of a plate or have another suitable shape.
    If the fastening element is to be inserted into solid foam plastic, the shape is of slightly greater importance in order to facilitate the insertion. For example, it is appropriate if it is thinner, narrower, sharper or sharper or similar in the part that initiates the introduction. An example ph such a fastener 40B is shown in Fig. 6B.
    Fig. 7A schematically shows example ph how concrete molds 100,100 'with first and second rock forming devices 10,10'; (For the second a floor-forming concrete mold 100 'is shown by clarity shell no other rock-forming device) according to the invention can be provided in the construction of a house or the like. It should be clearly a rock-forming device not limited to a device forming a rock in the conventional sense but can likewise form a floor mm. The schematic figure shows Oven reinforcement 80.80 ', but before casting has taken place. Fig. 7B shows very schematically a small part of a concrete mold according to the invention in which electrical equipment in the form of electrical wires is drawn and apparatus box 86 and ventilation equipment 87 are mounted, and the second rock forming device 20 is attached to the first 10 by means of mold rod 30, but before casting. The casting equipment can be mounted with a string in the reinforcement 80 with nails in the mold plate 10, by clamping the device intended for this purpose between foam and mold plate.
    In general, different types of foam blocks, or other rock forming devices in general, which are provided with a gap or opening or the like, can be designed in many different ways and in different sizes, as well as foam blocks that have no prepared opening or the like can be designed in different ways. set, several examples of foam blocks are shown, for example, in Figs. 8A-8E below.
    Fig. 8A shows an example of an element, cellular plastic block 111, which is not spontaneous but has a substantially square or rectangular cross-sectional shape. In the example shown, there is also no provision for a gap or receiving opening for fixed elements. Alternatively, it could of course be provided with one or more such openings.
    Fig. 8B is a perspective view of a spontaneous foam block 11 as shown, for example, in Fig. 1, nor is it provided with a receiving opening or the like. Of course, such an element may be provided with one or more receiving openings of the desired shape and size. A narrow elongated opening perpendicular to a longitudinal extension of a mold rod substantially orthogonal to the inner cradle of the block generally gives a retaining shape which is higher than it is that the mold rod should not end up obliquely at different loads during stacking, reinforcement, wiring etc. and casting. . However, other alternatives are also possible, for example hdl for a number of rods in two or more different planes, e.g. three parallel arranged as projecting from a plane triangle.
    Figures 8C-8E show further embodiments of sheet pile elements, for example foam blocks 112,113,114; it should be clear that cellular plastic blocks are not specified for limiting purposes, but other building elements, of other materials can be used. Cellular plastic block 113 is orthogonally spontaneous, with an intermediate sub-element 1133 which Or continues sdvd1 in a direction relative to the two surrounding sub-elements 1131,11321 and forms a spring / groove in this direction, which in a direction perpendicular to the outer sides of these elements and forms a bay / groove also in this, second, orthogonal direction.
    In alternative embodiments, building blocks, or especially cellular plastic blocks, may be provided with cast-in or mounted reinforcements. This can make it possible for the distance, due to improved stability, between underlying formwork to be increased, which facilitates assembly, reduces cost and also simplifies reinforcement work and wiring, etc. because this is done with a form rod in place.
    Fig. 9A schematically shows an example of a corner device 70 which can be used for interior wall-forming wall-forming devices, mold slabs 21,21 mOts, in order to increase stability and ensure the positioning of the concrete mold in horn regions before casting. Since it is not embedded in the concrete, it falls off or can be easily degraded when the mold boards are degassed after casting. The horn device 70 may 19 be made of many different kinds of material, e.g. flat or hard plastic.
    Fig. 9B shows an example of an alternative horn device 70A comprising a fixed harness element 71A with two perpendicular rock sides 721,722, for example of the same material as the mold plate, or of flat or hard plastic or other lampable material. Between the perpendicular rock sides, at a distance from each other, pillar triangles 73 are fixedly arranged in parallel planes perpendicular to the plane of propagation of the rock sides, the purpose of which is to fix the horn at the desired angle (usually 90 °). The harness device 70A may, but need not, include fitting elements 75A; only one shown in Fig. 9B, to provide adjustment to the width of used mold sheets 21. These fitting elements 75A, or fitting pieces, may be provided on one or two sides with recesses 22A in the same manner as the mold sheets 21 to enable attachment with molding rods analogously with the mold discs. The corner elements 70A can also be provided with such recesses 22 "of the same shell. The lamp elements can be split to allow adjustment of the length (width) of a cradle or the like.
    Fig. 9C shows schematically how forming rods 30 with fastening elements 40 and with support devices 50 are inserted and fixed in forming plates 21 and horn device 70A. After casting, the horn device 70A can be removed in an analogous manner as the mold discs are removed.
    Fig. 10 shows a stand 200 (eg a so-called casting bridge or casting stand) which can be advantageously used in the work with, for example, a cradle, concrete mold according to the invention or another mold or cradle or the like, and which can also be used to, vertically, as horizontal, support and adjust the concrete form or cradle in connection with casting, especially during the actual casting operation.
    According to various embodiments, the stand 200 can be provided with 5 mounting elements which make it possible to mount it or attach it in a mold rod, mold or in the mold plate.
    In particular, one or more of these elements (mold rod, mold or mold plate) are provided with cooperating mounting elements.
    The mounting elements can in simple embodiments consist of cooperating hooks, Eagles or the like, or some form of quick release, or snap-in mechanisms.
    The position 200 is shown in Fig. 10 in working order, set up, completed position and in Fig. 11 is schematically illustrated how it can be brought to transport or storage position.
    The stand 200 comprises in the example shown a second pair of legs with two parallel legs (posts) 202,202 which are articulated connected to an outer end on respective bottom struts 203,203 intended to be placed and rest on a flat surface, for example a floor, where the opposite ends of the bottom strut 203,203 connected to the first leg (stand) 201,201 respectively in a first pair of legs. This first pair of legs (201,201) consists in a preferred embodiment of two angle irons with a number of recesses or chamfers 211 adapted so that the mold struts 30 (not shown in Fig. 10) can be wedged therein and which Or are spaced apart. Said first pair of legs 201,201 need not be designed as angular iron but may be designed as legs with a different cross-sectional shape; however, it has been found that the angle iron shape provides good stability in vertical fixation of vdgg. In connection with the end sections of the bottom struts 203,203 which are articulated connected to the other legs 21 202,202, a respective transverse strut 205,205 articulated is arranged whose second and outer ends are articulated connected to said first legs 201,201, preferably at a different distance (higher up in mounted position) from the spirits where the bottom struts are articulated connected to the other legs 202,202. In addition, the crossbars 205,205 are releasably connected to either the bottom struts 203,203 or to the other legs by fasteners 207,207; alternatively with bathing. In the example shown, they are detachably connected to the bottom stays.
    (In an alternative, not shown, example, the crossbars 205,205 may be hingedly connected between the first and second legs, and furthermore releasably connected to either.) In an advantageous embodiment, the crossbars 205,205 consist of telescopic elements with a first element 201 having a smaller diameter or cross-section of a second element 202 in which it is displaceable in itself so that the length of the crossbar 205 can be adjusted and adjusted. In a special embodiment, adjustable cradle posts or crossbars of the PasoTM type can be used.
    The bottom struts 203,203 can be provided with a slide 213 in order to make it possible to fix the stand in a base by means of, for example, a concrete screw.
    The legs included in the first and second pairs of legs may be provided with crossbeams 208,208 which are designed to support only one platform 206 intended to stand on, for example, when casting. The platform may be provided with fixing elements in the form of slides 209 or similar enabling attachment of the platform 206 by cooperating mounting elements 209, e.g. screw, to secure the attachment thereof. This also means that the distance between the rear and front leg pairs is fixed. The front and rear legs 22 may also be provided with mounting elements at different heights to enable arrangement of the platform at different, desired working heights or at one of at least one predetermined working height, or mounting height. This can be accomplished in many different ways. In one embodiment the platform is completely detachable from both pairs of legs, in another it is articulated connected to one of the pairs of legs, especially displaceable in horizontal direction, and can be installed vertically in that it can be fixed at different heights by means of corresponding grooves or fixing elements.
    In order to facilitate adjustment of a cradle, for example vertically, the platform can be so arranged or connected to either or both legs that one, the other, the direction of the legs in the vertical direction can change slightly and by the legs being held together by bottom struts and crossbeams, the first pair of legs to be angled to a corresponding extent so that the first and second pairs of legs remain substantially parallel in order to be able to steer and hold a rock / rock forming device vertically by installing or adjusting the length of the struts. Other alternatives are of course also possible. The pair of legs does not have to remain parallel either, e.g. the fixed elements for supporting the platform may have a variable length, or they may be displaceable relative to retaining elements on one of the pair of legs 202, or alternatively the length of the connection to the bottom struts may be variable, or the bottom struts may be longitudinally installable, for example telescopic, and t. ex. be provided with slides and splinters for installation in the steering position to obtain the desired length.
    In the exemplary embodiment shown in Fig. 10, however, the crossbeams 208,208 are fixed, and when vertical alignment of a cradle is adjusted by adjusting the length of the crossbeams 205,205, the pair of legs will be angled in the same way. 23 Many variants are possible to achieve adjustability, adjustability, a requirement is that it must be robust, as the load can be large when casting.
    Drops or racks 217 may be arranged between the upper parts of legs in the desired manner, for example the other legs may be provided with brackets 212 in which the rack 217 can be easily placed.
    In that the first and second legs 201,201; 202,202 and the bottom struts 203,203 are hingedly connected to sawdust bottom struts 203,203, cross struts 205,205 as with struts 208,208, and the platform is detachable, or only fixedly connected to a pair of legs, and thus lowerable, and thus in addition, the crossbars 205,205 are attached, for example, to the bottom bars 203,203, the position can be easily folded. This is schematically illustrated in Fig. 11 ddr bidirectional arrows indicate the articulated connections.
    Fig. 12 shows the stand according to Fig. 10 arranged at a first concrete form according to the invention. In the example shown, the other legs 202 are first at the forming plate 20 in that the forming struts are wedged in the recesses 211,211 of the first, rear, legs 201,201.
    It is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiments shown, but that it may be freely varied within the scope of the appended claims. For example, it is possible to combine it with different types of plaster systems, masonry facades or wire facades.
    权利要求:
    Claims (27)
    [1]
    A concrete mold (100) for forming a rock or the like, comprising a first rock forming device (10) comprising an insulating material and a second rock forming device (20) configured to be arranged substantially parallel to said first rock forming device (10) and so that a gaps (x) are formed between said first and second rock forming devices (10,20) which are designed to be filled with liquid concrete, and a number of forming rods (30; 30A; 30B; 30C) arranged to connect said first and other rock forming devices (10,20 ), characterized in that the first rock-forming device (10) comprises a number of building or cellular plastic blocks (11), that the second rock-forming device (20) comprises a number of forming discs (21), that habit rods (30; 30A; 30B; 30C) Or provided with a first spirit designed for connection with said building or cellular plastic blocks (11), that a number of building or cellular plastic blocks (11) are interconnected, for example stacked on top of each other, and that said spirit strut (30; 30A; 30B; 30C) second spirit opposite said first spirit Or provided with a mold loading device (50; 50A; 50B; 50C) at least including a deposition ballast portion (53; 53A; 53B; 53C) designed to be temporarily mounted and retained, holding under concrete casting glass is said to be a second rock forming device (20) and releasing / unloading after casting to allow the mold board or mold boards (21) to be removed, demolding.
    [2]
    Concrete mold according to claim 1, characterized in that the molding device (50; 50A; 50B) is designed and arranged to allow releasable fixing of a mold plate (21) to a mold rod (30; 30A; 30B; 30C).
    [3]
    Concrete form according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that said building or cellular plastic blocks (11) are provided with projections or springs (12) or grooves, recesses or grooves (13) on the building or cellular plastic blocks ( 11,11) can be joined by means of sheet pile connections.
    [4]
    Concrete form according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the building or cellular plastic blocks (11) are joined together in such a way that joints between building or cellular plastic blocks in a row or a column are arranged in relation to joints between building, or cellular plastic. or foam blocks in an adjacent row or column of stability shield have the first wall forming device (10).
    [5]
    Concrete mold according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that mold plates (21) are mounted and first with the mold struts (30; 30A; 30B; 30C) and the molding devices (50; 50A; 50B) so that joints are formed between mold plates (21). , 21) arranged in one and the same plane in a row or a column are offset in relation to joints between mold sheets (21, 21) in an adjacent row or column of stability shells has the detachable second wall forming device (20). 26
    [6]
    A concrete mold according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first end of each mold bar (30; 30A; 30B; 30C) is provided with a support element (40; 40A; 40B; 40C) through which the mold bar is connected to said first wall forming device (10). .
    [7]
    Concrete mold according to claim 6, characterized in that said support element (40; 40A; 40B; 40C) is fixedly or releasably connected to, or formed in one piece with, said mold rod (30; 30A; 30B; 30C) and designed to have a main extension 15 which forms an angle, for instance substantially 90 °, with said longitudinal extension of said form rods (30; 30A; 30B; 30C).
    [8]
    Concrete mold according to claim 7, characterized in that the base element (40; 40A; 40B; 40C) is designed to be pressed into the first wall forming device (10).
    [9]
    Concrete mold according to claim 8, characterized in that the base element (40; 40A; 40B; 40C) is designed to be able to be pressed into solid material, for example cellular plastic, in a building or cellular plastic block (111). 27
    [10]
    Concrete mold according to claim 8, characterized in that one or more of said building or cellular plastic blocks (11) are provided with a gap or receiving opening (14) adapted to a fastening element (40), and that the fastening element (40) for fastening of a forming rod at a building or cellular plastic block Or depressed in said receiving opening or gap (14).
    [11]
    Concrete form according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that one or more of said building or cellular plastic blocks are provided with recesses for windows or doorways, or that building or cellular plastic blocks are arranged or stacked on top of each other in such a way that space is provided for windows and / or door openings, and that it comprises a demountable corner device (70; 70A) designed to be releasably arranged in a horn where a further concrete mold (100 ') is to be arranged at a substantially straight angle to the concrete mold (100).
    [12]
    Concrete mold according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the mold plate or mold plates (21) are provided with 25 recesses (22) arranged to receive mold struts (30; 30A; 30B; 30C).
    [13]
    Concrete mold according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the concrete mold (100) is designed to be reinforced on the side of the first rock forming device (10) where the molds are applied before fixing the mold plate or 28 mold plates (21), and preferably with electrical and tubular conduits on the side of the first wall forming device (10) where the mold struts (30; 30A; 30B; 30C) are applied before attaching the mold plate or plates (20).
    [14]
    Concrete mold according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises two other wall-forming elements designed to be connected to the first wall-forming device, on opposite sides thereof, that the forming beams are connected to the first wall-forming device via the base elements and arranged to project in order to be releasably connected via the welding devices to the respective second wall-forming device so that a sandwich structure is formed with concrete on opposite sides of an insulating structure formed by the first wall-forming device.
    [15]
    A method of forming a wall or the like, comprising the steps of forming a first wall forming device (10) comprising an insulating material and a second wall forming device (20), said second wall forming device (20) being arranged substantially parallel to said first wall forming device (10). in such a way that a gap (x) is formed between said first and second wall forming devices (10,20), filling the gap (x) with liquid concrete, and arranging a number of forming rods (30; 30A; 30B; 30C) to connect said first and second wall forming devices (10,20), characterized in that it comprises the steps of: - joining a number of building or cellular plastic blocks (11), for example comprising stacking said building or 29 cellular plastic blocks on top of each other, to form the first rock forming device (10); 1. attaching a plurality of forming rods (30; 30A; 30B; 30C) to the first rock forming device (10) by connecting the respective first ends of the forming rods (30; 30A; 30B; 30C) to the first rock forming device (10); 2. arranging the second rock forming device (20) substantially parallel to the first rock forming device (10); Loading the second rock forming device (20) by means of said spirit devices (40; 40A; 40B; 40C) arranged on said mold rods (30; 30A; 30B; 30C) at least comprising a detachable welding part; 4. filling the space (x) between the first and the second rock forming device (10,20) with concrete to cast the rock or the like; 5. remove the removable welding parts from the tie rods (30; 30A; 30B; 30C); 6. remove the second rock forming device (20) comprising the forming plate or plates (21).
    [16]
    16. A method according to claim 15, characterized in that the building or cellular plastic blocks are provided with projections and recesses, e.g. grooved or spring-loaded or tongue-and-groove, and that the step of joining the building or cellular plastic blocks comprises: 1. joining the building or cellular plastic blocks (11) by means of tongue-and-groove joints formed by said projections and recesses (12,13).
    [17]
    17. A method according to claim 16, characterized in that the step of joining the building or cellular plastic blocks comprises: - joining the building or cellular plastic blocks (11) in such a way that joints between the building or cellular plastic blocks in a row or a column are continued in relation to joints between the building or cellular plastic blocks in an adjacent row or column to help make the first rock forming device (10) stable.
    [18]
    A method according to claim 15, 16 or 17, characterized in that the step of mounting one or more mold discs (21) comprises: mounting and loading the mold discs (21) with the mold rods (30; 30A; 30B; 30C) and the mold loading devices (50). 50A; 50B) in such a way that joints between mold plates (21) in one and the same plane 20 in a row or a column are displaced in relation to joints between mold plates which are mounted in an adjacent row or column to make the removable second rock forming device (20) stable.
    [19]
    A method according to any one of claims 15-18, characterized in that the first end of each mold bar (30; 30A; 3013; 30C) comprises a fixed element (40; 40A; 40B; 40C) which is fixedly or removably connected to, or formed integrally with the tie rod (30; 30A; 30B; 30C) and configured to have a major extension forming an angle, for example substantially 90 ° with the longitudinal extent of the tie rod, and the step of connecting the tie rod to the first rock forming device (10). ) comprises: 1. pressing the fastening element (40; 40A; 40B; 40C) into the material, for example the foam, in the first rock-forming device (10), either in solid foam or the like, or in a slot or receiving opening (14) provided therefor; in a cellular plastic block.
    [20]
    A method according to any one of claims 15-19, characterized in that it comprises one or more of the steps that, after mounting the first rock forming device, for example stacking building or cellular plastic blocks and connecting the forming struts to the first rock forming device (10) : 1. provide recesses for windows and / or doors; 2. reinforce the cradle; 3. install electrical, piping and any ventilation material for subsequent casting.
    [21]
    A method according to claim 20, characterized in that it comprises the step of, after at least reinforcing, mounting the mold plate or plates (21); 1. load the mold discs with said lasing devices.
    [22]
    A method according to claim 21, characterized in that it comprises the step of, after mounting the mold plate or molds (21): 32 1. casting a rock by feeding concrete or the like in spaces (x) between said first and other rock forming devices (10, 20).
    [23]
    23. A method according to claim 22, characterized in that it comprises the step of, after the casting step, 1. releasing welding parts into the loading devices; - tear the mold disc or mold discs (21).
    [24]
    A method according to claim 23, characterized in that it comprises the step of, before, in connection with or after mounting and loading the mold plate or plates (21), but before the casting step: 1. assembling a stand (200) intended to function as stood for the wall and / or as a platform during the casting step.
    [25]
    A method according to claim 24, characterized in that the stand (200) is collapsible and adjustable, and that the step of mounting the stand comprises 1. arranging the stand, e.g. by Transferring the stand (200) from a transport and storage condition to a working condition, in connection with the other rock forming device; before and / or during casting, adjust the length of transverse connecting struts (205,205) connected to a first leg device with first legs (201,201) and in the second spirit with an abutment device, for example comprising another 33 leg device comprising second legs (202,202) or the like intended to indirectly or at least partially directly abut against an outside of the second rock forming device (20) so that the cradle can be leveled and adjusted if necessary to form the desired, preferably straight angle with a base or the like.
    [26]
    A stand, for example a casting bridge or casting stand, comprising a first leg assembly (201,201) configured to be arranged substantially parallel to a substantially vertical cradle assembly and a second leg assembly (202,202) configured to be spaced from said first leg assembly, first and second connecting struts. connecting said first and second leg devices, and a platform (206) configured to be supported by, and between, said first and second leg devices, characterized in that said first connecting rod device (203,203) therein is connected to said first and other leg devices ( 201,202) at or near lower sections thereof, that said second connecting rod device (205,205) comprises a cross-link connecting device articulated connected to said first leg device (201,201) and articulated connected to said first connecting rod device (203,203) and that the platform and second (203,203) the leg devices are provided with connectors elements which at least allow the platform to be displaced a certain small distance in relation to its width, that the first leg device is provided with retaining elements designed to be fixed in a cradle device, and that the second cross-link connection device is adjustable, for example can be required and shortened can be adjusted before or during a casting operation of the cradle device, and at the same time form a stand at this, for example helping to line it at the desired angle, for example 34 900, in relation to a flat horizontal surface such as a floor or the like.
    [27]
    A stand according to claim 26, wherein said second-hand connecting device (205,205) comprises telescopic devices. 10 - xam2g..eamootome r, U eilip, --- 11 11.116 Mill Ilk ‘, 4 v / ■■ • •, - k" -I _ "; t a., A A A AWIFIKNIONSIAVATAS AVONSlir Amu, VAS SIMIEWPAIWAISIMERWRIA ilr WW2
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    同族专利:
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    SE538828C2|2016-12-20|
    EP3033462A4|2017-05-10|
    US20160215511A1|2016-07-28|
    EP3033462A1|2016-06-22|
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    SE1350956A|SE538828C2|2013-08-15|2013-08-15|Concrete form for forming a wall or the like and a method for forming a said wall or the like and a support|SE1350956A| SE538828C2|2013-08-15|2013-08-15|Concrete form for forming a wall or the like and a method for forming a said wall or the like and a support|
    US14/911,729| US20160215511A1|2013-08-15|2014-08-07|Device and a procedure for cast-in-situ a wall or similar|
    EP14836710.5A| EP3033462A4|2013-08-15|2014-08-07|A device and a procedure for cast-in-situ a wall or similar|
    PCT/SE2014/050918| WO2015023223A1|2013-08-15|2014-08-07|A device and a procedure for cast-in-situ a wall or similar|
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